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Integrated Watershed Management Programme ( IWMP) AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SECTORS

2.182 Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) is one of the flagship programs of
Government of India. It is a very important program to change lives of common man by implementing
sustainable development: conserving natural resources learning to increase productivity of land by
empowering and involving community at grass roots.

2.183 Projects sanctioned from Department of Land Resource - Government of India from 2010-11
to 2014-15 are shown in Appendix 2.90.

Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan / Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin)

2.184 The Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) was launched with effect from 31/03/2012. It replaced
fully the earlier supply driven, allocation based sanitation programme. TSC has been sanctioned in
14 districts with a total financial outlay of ` 209.52 Crore. Consequent to the increase of unit cost of
Individual Household Latrine and the Central Share, the total project cost was revised and now stand
at ` 221.89 crore. Encouraged by the success of the programme TSC is renamed as Nirmal Bharat
Abhiyan (NBA) in July 2012, with the objective to accelerate the sanitation coverage in the rural ar-
eas so as to comprehensively cover the rural community through renewed strategies and saturation
approach and to transform rural India into Nirmal Bharat. While the programme has been successful
to some extent, the fact that there are still a large number of rural households without access to safe
sanitation facilities, which is an issue which needs to be tackled on war footing in a time bound man-
ner, the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) has been launched on 2nd October, 2014, which aims at
attaining a 100% Open Defecation Free India by 2019.

2.185 The main objectives of the Swachh Bharath Mission (Gramin)are:- Bring about an improve-
ment in the general quality of life in the rural areas, by promoting cleanliness, hygiene and eliminating
open defecation; Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas to achieve the vision of Swachh Bharat
by 2nd October 2019; Motivate Communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions to adopt sustainable
sanitation practices and facilities through awareness creation and health education; Encourage cost
effective and appropriate technologies for ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation; and Develop
where required, Community managed sanitation systems focusing on scientific Solid & Liquid Waste
Management systems for overall cleanliness in the rural areas.

2.186 As on 31st March 2014, under the scheme NBA, completed construction of 1166024 individual
household latrines, including 143317 latrines to APL families, 1083 Community Sanitary Complexes,
4109 School Toilets, 5118 Anganwadi Toilets and 91 Rural Sanitary Marts and Production Centre.
959 Grama Panchayats have received the National Award of Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) till 2011
consequent to their effort in eliminating open defecation, providing toilet facilities for all households,
schools and anganwadis and creating a neat and clean environment in the Panchayats. Nomination
for the balance 19 Grama Panchayats are under evaluation of Government of India.

Kudumbashree Mission and Alleviation of Poverty

2.187 Of the State Level Programmes Kudumbashree is the major initiative for Rural Development
included for poverty reduction. The Kudumbashree community organization has a three-tier structure
with its apex tier anchored in the local self governments. The three tiers are Neighbourhood Groups
(NHGs), Area Development Societies (ADS) and Community Development Societies (CDS). Kudum-
bashree attempts to enhance the standard of living of its members through micro finance and income
generating activities like micro enterprises and innovative interventions like Samagra and Collective
Farming; interventions to address Gender Based Violence through Help Desk, a short stay home for

Economic Review 2014