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2.56 India continues to be the largest producer of milk in the world with a total production of 140 AGRICULTURE AND ALLIED SECTORS
million tonnes (estimated) in 2013-14. India’s contribution towards world milk production in 2013 was
17 per cent. India’s milk production was at 132.43 million tones, during 2012-13. Among the major
states in India milk production is highest in Uttar Pradesh (233.30 lakh MT) followed by Rajasthan
(133.45 lakh MT) and Andhra Pradesh (127.61 lakh MT). Kerala ranks 13th position with 27.91 lakh
MT in 2012-13. Though India is the largest producer of milk in the world the per capita availability of
milk is low compared to developed countries. Substantial increase in this regard was attained over
a period of 10 years, from 225 gm/day to 290 gm/day. Percapita availability of milk is high in Punjab
(945 gm/day) and low in Mizoram (35 gm/day).

2.57 In spite of India’s position as highest producer of milk, productivity per animal is very poor. At
the national level it is only 987 Kg/lactation as compared to the world average of 2038 Kg/lactation.
This is mainly due to poor level of nutrition as well as low genetic potential for milk production
and health care. Among the major states in India, there are significant interstate differences in the
productivity of cows and buffaloes. As per the available estimates milk yield/day of exotic cows were
highest in Punjab (11 Kg), followed by Kerala (9.11 kg) , Chandigarh (8.60 kg) and Meghalaya (8.98).
At the same time the yield/day of exotic breeds in Karnataka is 6.03 kg and Tamil Nadu is only 6.81
kg. The average yield/day of buffaloes is highest in Punjab (7.425 kg) followed by Kerala (6.242
kg), Tamil Nadu (4.222 kg) and Karnataka (2.481 kg). In general the milk yield of both cows and
buffaloes were lowest in Assam.

2.58 Comprehensive dairy development projects need to be prepared to augment milk production in
the state covering the potential milksheds. Integrated diary development projects also to be prepared
for implementation under Idukki package, Wayanad and the potential districts with appropriate
components on infrastructure development, technology and credit support. World Bank aided
National Dairy Plan is expected to provide significant financial and technical support for augment
milk production in the state.

Milk Marketing

2.59 During 2013-14 a total of 5268 lakh litres of milk was procured by the DCS in the state of which
3395 lakh litres were sent to the dairies and 1857 lakh litres were marketed locally by the societies.
The procurement by the DCS is only about 18-19 per cent of the total estimated production. The
average milk procured per day by APCOS during the year 2013-14 was 942 MT against the previous
year average of 880 MT. The procurement /day/society during 2013-14, 338 litres and during
2012-13 it was 287 litres. The MILMA Federation is importing milk from the neighboring states during
lean periods when the internal supplies used to shrink. The procurement of milk by dairy under
KCMMF increased to 3444.32 lakh litres (8 per cent) against the sale of 4331.82 lakh litres during
2013-14 shows a wide gap between procurement and supply. Data on procurement and sale of milk
by different dairies of KCMMF during 2009 to 2014 is given in Appendix 2.22 and performance of
KCMMF 2007-08 to 2013-2014 are shown in Appendix 2.23 and average quantity of milk procured
per day by APCOS are shown in Appendix 2.24.

2.60 The procurement and selling price of milk has been revised in Kerala w.e.f 21.07.2014.
The average quality of milk procured in the state is 4.1 per cent fat and 8.3 per cent SNF and the
procurement price paid for the same is ` 29.37 per litre and sales price for toned milk is ` 36 per litre.
Price revision details of milk and price spread of milk from 2009 onwards is given in Appendix 2.25
and Appendix 2.26 respectively.

Economic Review 2014