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Fig 9.16 EMPLOYMENT
Placement through Employment Exchanges –Kerala

Source: Directorate of Employment, Govt. of Kerala, 2014

Existing schemes for Employment Generation

9.47 Many schemes including Centrally Sponsored Schemes are implemented in the State with
a bearing on employment generation and skill development. The major CSSs implemented in the
State with substantial outlay are Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme
(MGNREGS), National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM), National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM)
and The Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP). Brief analyses of these
schemes are given below.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)

9.48 MGNREGS aims at enhancing the livelihood security of the rural poor by providing at least
100 days of guaranteed wage employment in every financial year to every household whose adult
member volunteer to do unskilled manual labour. Kerala is unique in the country for the extent of
women’s participation in the MGNREGS. The proportion of women person days in 2013-14 is 93
per cent, which is the highest rate of participation of women in the Scheme in the country. During
2013-14, the person days employment generated was 866.03 lakh and an amount of ` 1208.62
crore spent for wage alone. The percentage of SC and ST persons to the total person days was 16.8
per cent and 2.90 per cent respectively. Average days of employment provided per household were
56.83. The corresponding figure for SC and ST are 64.88 and 60.89 respectively.

National Rural Livelihood Mission (Aajeevika) and National Urban Livelihood Mission

9.49 The schemes NRLM and NULM are drawn up with the aim of promoting poverty reduction
through building strong institutions of the poor, particularly women, and enabling these institutions to
access a range of financial services and livelihoods services in rural and urban areas respectively.
Kudumbashree is the implementing agency of these programmes in Kerala. The Schemes are
implemented in Kerala under the leadership of Local Governments.

Economic Review 2014